Energy and its transformations

It is also said in physics that energy is neither destroyed nor created from nothing, but rather it moves from one form to another and from one body to another, and this explains that energy is formed in one form and then transformed into another form, and there are several forms of latent energy in this universe, as There is water energy that results from the movement of rivers and waterfalls, and there is wind energy that is used to move windmills, and there is electric energy that is used to operate a large number of things daily, and there is kinetic energy through which other forms of energy can be generated. A form of the mentioned energy, there are several means by which this energy can be converted into another form of energy and so on.

There are many special ways through which energy is converted from one form to another, for example, the movement of windmills resulting from wind energy is used during the process of milling wheat and making flour, and special turbines are used under waterfalls to generate electric power, and there are special devices to convert energy from one form to another. Another is by containing special components, and through the action of these components energy is transformed from one form to another.

Among the most important of these devices that convert energy from one form to another; The electric motor and the electric generator, and each has a special mechanism of action and a special way to convert energy, although both devices have the same internal components, and what differs between them is the way these components are arranged inside, which results in a change in the form of the energy required to be transferred from and to it.

The difference between an electric generator and an electric motor

Both the motor and the generator are based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The principle of electromagnetic induction includes a description of the behavior of electrical conductors that are subjected to a uniform magnetic field, but what distinguishes the electric generator is that it is divided into two types; An electric generator that produces direct current and the other that produces alternating electric current, and their scientific name is AC or DC. The engine and generator can be differentiated by the following:

Generator

The electric generator generates electrical energy by converting the mechanical energy resulting from the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction that generates kinetic energy in a coil placed within a magnetic field, or it may be in a purely mechanical way by exploiting the movement of wind and running water and taking advantage of the mechanical energy that is generated, to turn into Electric energy later, as for the details of the difference, the electric generator follows the Fleming method of the left hand rule of movement, and the electric current is generated through coiled iron wires, and the shaft responsible for the movement is driven by the motor with mechanical force to produce force or electrical energy.

electric motor

The electrical transformer converts electrical energy into mechanical energy as a result of the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, by passing an electric current in the electrical transformer to affect the coil, and it moves, and generates special mechanical energy, which can be exploited in many fields and different household appliances. The electric motor differs from the electric generator. It follows the Fleming method with the rule of the right hand, in contrast to the generator, and the iron coil is the one that supplies the moving shaft with electric current. produced.

Advantages and disadvantages of electric motors

The cost of the electric motor is much lower than the engines of other types that run on fuel and oil, but it gives the same kinetic ability, but the number of moving parts in the electric motor is much less than other engines, which means a longer life for bid and operation, the life of the engines may increase Electricity for more than 30 thousand hours without the need for many repairs, especially battery problems that suffer from engines that run on fuel They are more efficient than normal motors because they are fully controlled by the automatic start and stop feature.

Another feature of the electric motor may be that it operates at low temperatures below zero degrees Celsius because it does not contain the fuel that happens to freeze and stop the engine from working at low temperatures.

As for the negatives of electric motors, they are represented in the difficulty of recharging the motor with energy in some remote places, which put exorbitant amounts in exchange for recharging the motor, and the electric current may not be suitable for the motor.

The advantages and disadvantages of an electric generator

The advantages of the electric generator lie in its simple continuous parallel operations. The way it works and builds is simple compared to other generators, for example, generators that run on fuel. The problems of the electric generator are fewer and easier to repair than other generators, and it is a clean and more efficient alternative energy.

However, the negatives of the electric generator are that the electric current is produced through the movement of the brush on the sliding metal rings on the movement arm, it follows Faraday’s electromagnetic theory, when the conductor cuts the magnetized region, the current strength rises, which produces DC current, and the electric motor has been developed at the present time To reduce the friction movement between the brush and the transmission shaft, so the engine has a longer life and less maintenance than it was before,

Therefore, the engine has become longer life and less maintenance than it was before, and the movement and repeated friction often result in sounds similar to the crackling of electricity, and the electric generator is more expensive than other generators, and the creation of more power stations means more environmental pollution. The cars that run on electric power generators are not Completely emission-free.

electric generator uses

The invention of the electric generator helped solve many problems related to the production of energy and lighting and follow-up work around the clock. For personal use, the electric generator helped residents in remote areas obtain permanent electricity if they did not receive electricity services, and helps homes in areas that suffer From the fluctuation of the electric current or its interruption at times for long periods. 

As a matter of business, many companies have found in electric generators a way to protect their outputs and inputs on computers in the event of a sudden power outage, so that the work is not affected, as the generators operate immediately when the electricity is cut off.

The electric generators also helped increase productivity by increasing working times, especially in field work places and the creation of streets and remote buildings, among others, and it has several benefits. Cases on reaching the required amount of energy if the consumption exceeds the maximum energy that is already present in a particular place.

electric motor uses

The electric motor is used in many different areas of life. It is used in industry and household appliances, such as fans, elevators, pumps, and small electrical tools such as mixers, etc., and due to the strict laws of electricity consumption and the reduction of the effects of toxic gases that are issued from types of engines that run on fuel, the demand for engines has increased. 

The demand for motors that run on electricity has increased in the recent period, and the high standard of living in the world has made the electric motor a basis for use in homes, offices and in various aspects of life, such as air conditioning, refrigeration, etc., and the global trend is now towards environmentally friendly cars that operate on electric motors to reduce pollution and reduce toxic gases resulting from fuel combustion.

Electric motors are less expensive and weight compared to other types of motors, and this is the main reason for their wide spread, and the low cost of maintenance has made electric motors more demanded and used in industrial and household appliances, large industrial machinery and cars.

 and electric motors have recently been developed to become devices More saving of electrical energy by reducing waste, as in household electrical appliances,It has become more efficient and less consuming electricity, the most important of which are refrigerators, home coolers, washing machines, and dishwashers. We note in the recent period that changing one of these appliances at home significantly reduces the electricity bill, although its efficiency is much higher than the old appliances used and its price is much lower than it was previously